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사우디 아람코는 디지털화를 통해 운영 방식을 혁신하고 있다.
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디지털화는 지속가능성, 효율성 및 안전성을 향상할 수 있다.
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사우디 아람코 4차 산업혁명센터 (4IR Center)는 혁신을 기술과 결합시킨다.
1200 Smith Street
Houston, TX 77002
Aramco Americas
P.O. Box 4534
Houston, TX 77002
43/F, 45/F20-26, China World Tower 3,
No.1 Jianguomenwai Avenue,
Chaoyang District,
Beijing, China 100004
Room 16T60, 16/F – SWFC, 100 Century Avenue,
Pudong District,
Shanghai 200120, China
15F, Paragon Center, No.1 Lianyue Road,
Siming District,
Xiamen 361012, Fujian, China
2A-0801, 8th Floor, Two Horizon Center, DLF 5,
Sector 43, Gurugram 122002,
Haryana, India
Level 32, Maxis Tower
Kuala Lumpur City Center
50088 Kuala Lumpur
We commenced construction of our Fadhili Gas Plant, located 30 km west of Jubail Industrial City, in late 2016. The facility is emblematic of our broader impact on not only increasing supplies of gas, but also driving economic growth, developing the Saudi workforce, and reducing emissions.
Designed to process up to 2.5 billion scfd of raw gas, Fadhili will be our first plant to treat nonassociated gas from both onshore and offshore fields, with start up planned in 2019.
The plant was designed from inception to use the Tail Gas Treatment process to reach the maximum sulfur recovery rate of 99.9%, helping protect air quality.
The project’s value extends well beyond the resources it will process: the development of Fadhili will add billions of dollars to the local economy, with an expectation that 40% of the plant’s materials and services to be sourced and manufactured in Saudi Arabia.
When completed, Fadhili Gas Plant will become a key component of the Kingdom’s Master Gas System.
We are expanding the gas processing capacity of our Hawiyah gas plant by more than 1 billion scfd. The new gas processing facilities, expected to be on stream in 2021, are anticipated to raise total production capacity of the plant to approximately 3.6 billion scfd, making it one of the largest gas processing facilities in the world.
We are making improvements to sustain gas production from both the Haradh and Hawiyah fields for the next 20 years and boost production by an average of 1.2 scfd. The program includes installing gas compression facilities, liquid separation stations, and transmission lines to our Haradh and Hawiyah gas plants, along with expanding the existing gas gathering pipeline network.
Karan, was our first non-associated offshore gas field development. Discovered in 2006 in the thickest, extremely prolific and complex carbonate layers, the project was fast-tracked, taking only six years to go from discovery to production.
Non-associated gas fields do not have an associated oil column and, therefore, can be accessed without producing oil. The raw gas is transported through a 110-kilometer subsea pipeline to the Khursaniyah Gas Plant for processing.
The natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery plant at Shaybah was commissioned and began production in late 2015, with a second processing train starting up in 2016. The plant will help us meet increasing demand for petrochemical feedstock by recovering valuable NGL from produced gas.
Designed to process as much as 2.4 billion scfd of associated gas and recover 275,000 bpd of ethane plus NGL, the Shaybah facility will feed these new volumes of NGL via pipeline to Ju’aymah for further processing before being delivered as petrochemical feedstock to industrial cities.
Wasit, one of the largest gas plants we have ever built, was brought onstream in October 2015 and reached full operating capacity in mid-2016. Unlike our other gas plants, Wasit is designed to process solely nonassociated gas.
To feed Wasit, we brought gas production onstream from the big bore nonassociated gas wells in our offshore Arabiyah and Hasbah fields, situated approximately 150 km northeast of Jubail Industrial City in the Arabian Gulf. With the startup of production from these two fields, more than 40% of our nonassociated gas now comes from offshore fields.
Our continued success in increasing supplies of cleaner burning natural gas makes it possible for us to reduce emissions, enable new industries and release more crude oil for value-added refining or export.
As the company's largest oil processing facility and the largest crude oil stabilization plant in the world, Abqaiq plays a pivotal role in our day-to-day operations.
Abqaiq oil facilities receive sour crude oil from gas-oil separation plants (GOSPs), process it into sweet crude oil, and then transport it to Ras Tanura and Jubail on the east coast, Yanbu' on the west coast and to Bapco Refinery in Bahrain. The off gases from the spheroids and stabilizer columns that are part of the conversion process are then sent to Abqaiq natural gas liquids (NGL) facilities for further processing.
Abqaiq is the main oil processing center for Arabian Extra Light and Arabian Light crude oils.
The northern-most portion of the Ghawar field lies approximately 100 kilometers west of Dhahran. The field comprises six main areas (Fazran, Ain Dar, Shedgum, Uthaminyah, Hawiyah and Haradh) and extends southward over more than 200 kilometers as one long continuous anticline. It is approximately 36 kilometers across at its widest point.
We believe that the Ghawar field is the largest oil field in the world in terms of conventional proved reserves, totaling 58.32 billion barrels of oil equivalent as at 31 December 2018. It has accounted for more than half of the total cumulative crude oil production in the Kingdom.
The Ghawar field facilities and infrastructure remain a central component in our long-term strategic framework for optimizing both technical recovery of resources and the economic of resource management.
The Haradh area, located at the southern tip of the Ghawar oil field, was developed in three increments of 300,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil capacity.
Haradh III was also the first plant in the Southern Area of company operations to have completely automated well control and monitoring, allowing remote operations. The project benefited from successful integration of four technologies: multilateral, maximum reservoir contact (MRC) wells; Smart Well completions (using control valves for preventing premature water breakthrough); geosteering (for optimal placement of wells in the reservoir for maximum recovery); and the “intelligent field” concept, in which real-time sub-surface data transmissions enable continual monitoring of key reservoir indicators. The integrated use of these four technologies slashed unit well development costs three-fold.
The Khurais complex, which comprises of the Abu Jifan and Mazalij fields in addition to Khurais itself, is approximately 106 kilometers long and 18 kilometers across at its widest point.
As of 31 December 2018, proved reserves at Khurais were 21.40 billion barrels of oil equivalent, including 20.10 billion barrels of liquid reserves.
The Khursaniyah program includes facilities to process and stabilize 500,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil blend from the Abu Hadriya, Fadhili and Khursaniyah fields, and a grassroots gas plant to process one billion scfd of associated gas.
Khursaniyah began producing oil in August 2008. The facility also has the capacity to inject 1.1 million bpd of non-potable water for reservoir pressure maintenance.
The UNESCO environmental responsibility award nominated Manifa crude oil development was designed to produce 900,000 bpd of Arabian Heavy crude oil, 90 million scfd of sour gas, and 65,000 bpd of hydrocarbon condensate.
By employing best-in-class technologies in infrastructure, drilling and production activities, the project consumed more than 80 million man hours without a lost time injury.
Prior to construction, extensive engineering and ecological assessments were conducted to ensure that the marine ecosystem would not be adversely affected by developing the field. As a direct result of these studies, Saudi Aramco constructed three kilometers of bridges to span the migration paths of various marine species, maintaining natural water flow and preserving natural marine nurseries.
Nuayyim crude oil increment added 100,000 bpd of Arabian Super Light crude oil and 90 million scfd of associated gas to our production capacity.
The project – the first in-Kingdom project of this scale with a project proposal completed entirely in Saudi Arabia – also included a gas-oil separation plant, 140 kilometers of 16” gas pipeline, and water supply facilities at Hawtah. Smokeless flaring has been used to significantly reduce emissions.
The field, which entered production in August 2009, is 250 kilometers south of Riyadh and about 50 kilometers northeast of our Hawtah crude oil facility, the first producing facility in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia.
Qatif Producing Plants Program consists of facilities to produce, process, and transport 500,000 bpd of blended Arabian Light crude oil from the Qatif field and 300,000 bpd of Arabian Medium crude oil from the offshore Abu Sa'fah field.
The Qatif facility was the first to produce Arabian Light crude oil by blending Arabian Extra Light, Light and Medium grades.
We believe that Safaniyah field is the world's largest conventional offshore oil field in terms of roved reserves. It is located approximately 260 kilometers north of Dhahran. Most of the field lies offshore in the Arabian Gulf. Within the Concession area, the Safaniyah field is approximately 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide.
As of December 2018, the proved reserves were 34.03 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
The Shaybah field, located in the Rub’ al-Khali or Empty Quarter, was discovered in 1968. Its remote location, local summer temperatures in excess of 50 degrees Celsius and sand dunes higher than 300 meters presented serious challenges. So for technical and economic reasons, development was held off until 20 years later. However, by the 1990s, advances in 3D seismic imaging technology, horizontal drilling and other technologies gave us the tools we needed to begin production.
The field is approximately 13 kilometers wide and 64 kilometers long. Due to the field's remoteness, its facilities include a dedicated NGL recovery unit, an airfield and accommodation for staff.
Our second 250,000 bpd expansion project at Shaybah came on-stream in 2016, raising its overall production capacity to 1 million bpd of Arabian Extra Light crude oil — double the facility’s original capacity. As of December 2018, proved reserves were 14.86 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
The Zuluf field is located in the Arabian Gulf, approximately 240 kilometers north of Dhahran, in average water depth of 118 feet. The field has two main structures, Zuluf and Ribyan, and is of similar area to Safaniyah to the north.
As of December 2018, Zuluf had proved reserves of 31.31 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
Aramco operates one of the world’s largest refining businesses, and its integrated petrochemical refinery complex at Jazan City for Primary and Downstream Industries is part of the Company’s vibrant downstream growth strategy.
In 2020, Aramco confirmed that it would proceed with the divestment of the Jazan Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle Plant into a Joint Venture (JV) between Aramco, Air Products, ACWA Power, and Air Products Qudra, integrating the Air Separation Unit into the JV.
Once Aramco’s Jazan Refinery Complex is ready for full operations, expected in the first half of 2021, Aramco will have five wholly owned refineries within the Kingdom, three of which were built specifically to supply transportation and utility fuels for the domestic marketplace.
Hyundai Oilbank is a refinery in South Korea, established in 1964. The Daesan Complex, where Hyundai Oilbank’s major facilities are located, is a fully integrated refining plant with a processing capacity of 650,000 barrels of crude oil per day. Aramco has a 17% equity interest in Hyundai Oilbank.
Idemitsu Kosan, one of leading refining and marketing companies in Japan, is a result of a merger between Idemitsu and Showa Shell Sekiyu. Its sales in Japan are primarily gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and automotive lubricants. Idemitsu Kosan owns and operates more than 6,400 retail service stations, has equity stakes in six refineries, and a gross refining capacity of 945,000 bpd. Aramco owns a 7.7% equity interest in Idemitsu Kosan.
Motiva Enterprises, a fully owned affiliate of Saudi Aramco, operates the Port Arthur Refinery, the largest refinery in the U.S. at 635,000 bpd in Port Arthur, Texas. Motiva has acquired a 100% equity interest in Motiva Chemicals LLC (formerly Flint Hills), a chemical plant in Port Arthur, Texas.
Sinopec SenMei Petroleum Company Limited is a joint venture of Sinopec, ExxonMobil China Petroleum & Petrochemical Company Limited and Saudi Aramco Sino Company Limited. Sinopec SenMei, with headquarters in Fuzhou, is mainly engaged in the wholesale, retail, storage, throughput and transport of the processed oil, lubricant and other petroleum products, operation of convenience stores of service stations, car washing, lubricant replacement, restaurant and other auxiliary services.
Based in Maastricht, Netherlands, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Saudi Aramco, ARLANXEO serves the development, production, marketing, sale and distribution of specialty chemicals and synthetic rubber products, principally for the high-volume global tire and automotive industries.
A joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Sumitomo Chemical. The products produced are used in such end products as plastics, detergents, lubricants, resins, coolants, anti-freeze, paint, carpets, rope, clothing, shampoo, auto interiors, epoxy glue, insulation, film, fibers, household appliances, packaging, candles, pipes and many other applications.
The Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical Co. (SATORP), a joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Total in Jubail, supports Saudi Aramco’s efforts to expand the value chain and achieve maximum value from the Kingdom’s resources. It processes heavy Arabian crude daily into low-sulfur gasoline, diesel and jets fuel that comply with the standards in the United States, Europe and Japan. It also produces paraxylene, benzene, sulfur and pure petroleum coke that fuels cement plants and electric power stations.
Located in Yanbu' Industrial City on the west coast of Saudi Arabia, the world-class YASREF refinery has the capacity to refine 400,000 barrels per day (bpd) of Arabian heavy crude and produces over 13.5 million gallons per day of ultra-clean transportation fuels and other high-value refined products.
Our Technology Office in Aberdeen focuses on drilling and production technologies. The European arm of Saudi Aramco Energy Ventures (SAEV) is located within the office, whose mission is to source and develop relationships with strategically significant and innovative energy technology companies.
Our Beijing Research Center conducts research on chemical enhanced oil recovery and advanced seismic imaging technologies, including automated fault detection and improvements in data quality through super resolution.
The Center is also evaluating the expansion of research activities into the downstream sector in areas such as transportation efficiency, greenhouse gas management, advanced control and power systems, robotics, materials science, nanotechnology and advanced computing.
Our CO2 Management Collaboration at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon, South Korea, is dedicated to addressing issues related to carbon management. The collaboration follows an interdisciplinary approach to innovative and cost-effective CO2 capture, storage, and conversion from fixed and mobile sources.
The Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands is home to our technology office that focuses mainly on seismic processing and subsurface imaging to help us better understand the nature of our subsurface geology.
Aramco Innovations Research Center
Leninskiye Gory 1 bldg 75-B
119234 Moscow
Russia
Our Aramco Fuel Research Center in Paris is located at IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPen). IFP Energies nouvelles is a public-sector research, innovation and training center active in the fields of energy, transport and the environment. Thanks to this strategic placement, we can capitalize on IFPen’s facilities and links to various European automakers to accelerate the innovation cycle of different fuel technologies.
Our research areas at our Dhahran headquarters include the Research & Development Center (R&DC) and the EXPEC Advanced Research Center (EXPEC ARC).
EXPEC ARC develops specialized technologies necessary to achieve its upstream objectives of increasing discovery of oil resources and increasing reservoir recovery. An expansion of the EXPEC Advanced Research Center is currently underway, with new facilities to enable integrated research on sustainability technologies.
Our R&DC focuses on cutting-edge technologies that enhance operational reliability, efficiency and safety, as well as investigating clean fuels and the management of carbon release.
Our research center at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) focuses on catalyst development, materials science, nanotechnology, robotics, solar energy materials and fuel technology. The strong capabilities provided in downstream areas are complemented by our FUELCOM collaboration with the KAUST Clean Combustion Research Center.
Aramco Research Center-Boston supports development in the areas of computational modeling, advanced materials, and nanotechnology. The center works on collaborative research projects with the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) faculty, with a focus on modeling, visualization, simulation, and advanced materials.
Our Aramco Research Centers in Detroit, Houston, and Boston have a collaboration with the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) to support research by two Low-Carbon Energy Centers designed to address climate change challenges. The centers bring together researchers from multiple disciplines at MIT to engage with companies, governmental agencies, and other stakeholders to further research and promote clean energy technologies to mitigate climate change.
Our Aramco Research Center in Detroit focuses on competitive transportation solutions, improving the efficiency of current and future engines, reducing overall environmental impact, cost, and complexity of engine systems.
The Center can accommodate light-duty and heavy-duty fuels research programs and also offers full on-site integration and the demonstration of new vehicle technologies. Our Strategic Transportation Analysis Team, based in the Detroit Center, provides dynamic industry analysis relevant to our fuels research and development activities.
Aramco Research Center in Houston focuses on upstream technologies for conventional and unconventional resources to support discovery and recovery goals. Specific areas of research include advanced seismic imaging, unconventional productivity enhancement, smart fluids to improve well productivity, nano-based polymers, surfactants, cement technologies related to drilling operations, quantitative geology, and advanced downhole sensors. It is our largest center outside Saudi Arabia.
인공지능에서 가상현실 프로그램에 이르기까지 사우디 아람코는 사업 운영 방식 혁신을 위해 기술의 미래에 주목하고 있다.
사우디 아람코는 디지털화를 통해 운영 방식을 혁신하고 있다.
디지털화는 지속가능성, 효율성 및 안전성을 향상할 수 있다.
사우디 아람코 4차 산업혁명센터 (4IR Center)는 혁신을 기술과 결합시킨다.
웨어러블 기술, 머신러닝, 석유 시추선에서의 실제 경험을 시뮬레이션하는 가상현실 프로그램은 세계적 디지털 에너지 선도기업을 향해 나아가는 사우디 아람코가 활용하는 기술 중 일부이다.
그러나 사우디 아람코에 디지털화란 단순한 기계장치 이상이다. 혁신적인 기술을 활용하여 지속가능성과 효율성, 안전성을 향상할 수 있는 기회이자, 탄화수소 자원의 환경 영향을 감소하면서 전 세계의 에너지 수요를 충족하는 사우디 아람코의 능력을 혁신하는 것을 의미한다. 사우디 아람코는 다양한 이니셔티브를 통해 이미 업계의 선도 기업들 중 최저 수준의 탄소발자국을 기록했다. 그리고 모든 사항을 고려할 때 모든 면에서 디지털화된 미래가 시작될 것으로 전망되며, 사우디 아람코는 그 길을 선도하고자 한다.
오늘날 세계에는 4차 산업혁명이 진행되고 있다. 우리 모두가 물리적·디지털·생물학적 영역 사이의 경계를 모호하게 만드는 전례 없는 빠른 기술 발전의 파도를 경험하고 있다. 핀테크, 인공지능, 사물인터넷, 블록체인, 양자 컴퓨팅과 같은 기술이 우리 삶에서 되돌릴 수 없을 정도로 깊이 자리잡게됨에 따라, 거의 모든 분야에서 큰 변화로 인한 파괴적 혁신이 초래될 것이라는 말은 과장이 아니다.
석유·가스 부문도 다르지 않다. 사실 석유·가스 부문은 업무 현장 혁신이라는 측면에서 오랫동안 가장 최첨단에 있는 산업 중 하나이다. 원격으로 작동되는 무인 시추선, 누출을 감지 할 수 있는 드론, 수중 로봇 및 지하 4D 모델링에 이르기까지 4차 산업혁명 기술의 적용은 가치사슬 전반에 걸쳐 새로운 자원과 효율성을 창출했다.
흥미로운 사실은 과거의 산업혁명과 달리 4차 산업혁명에서는 처음부터 지속가능성이 미래 혁신의 목표가 될 수 있다는 점이다. 사우디 아람코는 대기 중의 탄소를 포집 및 격리하고, 이산화탄소를 가치 있는 제품으로 전환하며, 수송 부문의 배출을 저감할 수 있는 획기적인 솔루션을 발전시키고, 원유를 직접 화학제품 또는 미래에 가장 선호되는 에너지인 수소로 전환하는 기술을 탐구 중이다.
세계 최대의 종합 석유·가스 기업인 사우디 아람코의 장기적 비전에는 지속가능성이 포함되어 있다. 에너지 수요가 지속적으로 증가하는 환경에서 사우디 아람코는 효율성과 경쟁력을 유지하고, 사업 활동의 환경 영향을 최소화하면서 내일의 에너지를 제공하고자 한다. 이러한 비전의 핵심은 유전에서 사무실에 이르기까지의 우리의 사업 활동에 디지털 기술들을 적절하게 통합하는 것이다.
우스마니아 가스 플랜트를 예로 들 수 있다. 이 플랜트는 세계경제포럼 '등대 공장 프로그램 (Manufacturing Lighthouse Program)'에서4차 산업혁명에서 수행한 선도적 역할을 인정 받았다. 석유·가스 산업의 플랜트 중 최초로 세계경제포럼의 인정을 받은 것이며, 보다 효율적이고 안전하며 환경친화적인 작동방식으로 찬사를 받았다.
사우디 아람코에서 적용 중인 기술의 예
이러한 선구적인 4차 산업혁명 기술을 가능케 한 것은 디지털 혁신 프로그램이었다. 이 프로그램을 통해 사우디 아람코는 사업 전반에 최첨단 디지털 기술을 적용하여 운영 방식을 혁신한다.
예를 들어, 업스트림 부문에서는 사우디 아람코 지구과학자들이 인공지능을 활용하여 지진 데이터를 분석하고 시추 위험을 최소화할 수 있는 최적의 지점을 찾아낸다. 유전 알고리즘을 사용하여 암석을 이해하고 분류함으로써 불확실성을 줄이고, 더 효율적이고 정확하게 저류층의 특성을 파악할 수 있다. 그리고 다수의 수중 자율주행 로봇의 데이터 수집 능력을 활용하는 스파이스랙 (SpiceRack) 시스템은 특히 까다로운 수중 위치에서 데이터를 수집하여 탄성파 데이터 수집 산업에 혁명을 일으켰다.
사우디 아람코는 유전뿐 아니라 사무실 공간에서도 혁신을 실현하며 사우디 아람코 공동체 내에서 '스마트 도시'를 건설하기 위해 사물 인터넷과 어드밴스드 애널리틱스를 활용하고 있다. 이러한 기술은 더 이상 미래지향적인 비전이 아니라 빠른 속도로 현실이 되고 있다. 예를 들어, 사우디 아람코의 통합 스마트 시티 시스템 프로젝트는 다란, 라스 타누라, 우다일리야, 아브다이크에 소재한 사우디 아람코의 주요 공동체에 적용될 예정이다. 이 프로젝트는 스마트 센서와 인공지능을 활용하여 스마트 가로등, 지능형 주차, 스마트 전력, 수도 계량기, 복합 운송을 모두 포함할 전망이다. 사우디 아람코의 목표는 물과 에너지를 절약하고 사우디 아람코 공동체의 삶의 질을 향상시키는 것이다.
업스트림에서 다운스트림에 이르기까지 사우디 아람코는 이러한 기술적 혁신을 전면적으로 활용하기 위해 최선을 다하고 있다. 사우디 아람코의 최첨단 4차 산업혁명센터 (4IRC)는 이러한 혁신과 기술이 어우러지는 허브로 기능한다.
2,500m2가 넘는 규모의 4IRC는 에너지의 미래에 전념하고 있다. 기술의 본격적인 적용을 시작하기에 앞서 탐색, 아이디어 개발, 프로토타입 제작, 시범 프로젝트를 수행한다. 이곳에는 270m2의 비디오월이 설치되어 총 1억 900만개 이상의 픽셀이 다수의 클러스터와 존으로 분할되어 있는데, 그 중에는 20개가 넘는 운영 솔루션이 표시되는 AI 허브 (Artificial Intelligence Hub)의 거대한 커브드 스크린이 있다.
AI 허브는 어드밴스드 애널리틱스, 빅 데이터, 머신러닝 솔루션에 주력하며, 데이터 과학자 및 현장 전문가들이 중요한 회사 자산의 성과를 시각화하고 예측할 수 있는 곳이다.
아이디어 개발에 특화된 구역 (i-Corner)에서는 회사 전체의 전문지식을 모아 기술 역량을 활용하여 도전 과제를 탐구한다. D-Corner에서는 아이디어의 실행 가능성을 판단할 수 있도록 테스트와 개발을 수행한다. G-Talk는 지식 공유, 영감을 주는 대화, 협업을 위한 플랫폼 역할을 한다.
UAV-Space는 전문가들이 사우디 아람코의 공중·지상·수중 로봇의 역량을 시연할 수 있는 곳이다. 이들 로봇은 자산과 운영을 보다 효율적이고 안전하게 점검, 모니터링 및 감지하는 역량을 갖추고 있으며, 접근하기 어렵거나 환경이 열악한 지역에 배치되는 경우가 많다.
VR-Zone은 증강·가상현실, 디지털 트윈, 홀로그램의 개발, 프로토타입 제작, 교육에 사용되며, 테크니션이 시뮬레이션 부스에서 실제와 동일한 플랜트 경험을 할 수 있다.
아람코는 세계를 선도하는 디지털화된 에너지 기업이 되기 위한 노력의 하나로 가장 오래된 석유 처리 플랜트를 개조∙개선하여 4차 산업혁명(4IR) 기술 활용의 전 세계적 리더로 변모시켰다.