- 2017년 출범한 디지털 전환 프로그램은 아람코 프로젝트와 이니셔티브를 최적화, 가속화 및 연계하도록 설계
- 아람코는 직원들이 가치 중심의 디지털 솔루션을 구축하도록 지원 및 장려
- 아람코의 조율된 접근방식은 안전, 효율성, 지속가능성의 개선을 통해 사업에 이점 창출
1200 Smith Street
Houston, TX 77002
Aramco Americas
P.O. Box 4534
Houston, TX 77002
43/F, 45/F20-26, China World Tower 3,
No.1 Jianguomenwai Avenue,
Chaoyang District,
Beijing, China 100004
Room 16T60, 16/F – SWFC, 100 Century Avenue,
Pudong District,
Shanghai 200120, China
15F, Paragon Center, No.1 Lianyue Road,
Siming District,
Xiamen 361012, Fujian, China
2A-0801, 8th Floor, Two Horizon Center, DLF 5,
Sector 43, Gurugram 122002,
Haryana, India
Level 32, Maxis Tower
Kuala Lumpur City Center
50088 Kuala Lumpur
We commenced construction of our Fadhili Gas Plant, located 30 km west of Jubail Industrial City, in late 2016. The facility is emblematic of our broader impact on not only increasing supplies of gas, but also driving economic growth, developing the Saudi workforce, and reducing emissions.
Designed to process up to 2.5 billion scfd of raw gas, Fadhili will be our first plant to treat nonassociated gas from both onshore and offshore fields, with start up planned in 2019.
The plant was designed from inception to use the Tail Gas Treatment process to reach the maximum sulfur recovery rate of 99.9%, helping protect air quality.
The project’s value extends well beyond the resources it will process: the development of Fadhili will add billions of dollars to the local economy, with an expectation that 40% of the plant’s materials and services to be sourced and manufactured in Saudi Arabia.
When completed, Fadhili Gas Plant will become a key component of the Kingdom’s Master Gas System.
We are expanding the gas processing capacity of our Hawiyah gas plant by more than 1 billion scfd. The new gas processing facilities, expected to be on stream in 2021, are anticipated to raise total production capacity of the plant to approximately 3.6 billion scfd, making it one of the largest gas processing facilities in the world.
We are making improvements to sustain gas production from both the Haradh and Hawiyah fields for the next 20 years and boost production by an average of 1.2 scfd. The program includes installing gas compression facilities, liquid separation stations, and transmission lines to our Haradh and Hawiyah gas plants, along with expanding the existing gas gathering pipeline network.
Karan, was our first non-associated offshore gas field development. Discovered in 2006 in the thickest, extremely prolific and complex carbonate layers, the project was fast-tracked, taking only six years to go from discovery to production.
Non-associated gas fields do not have an associated oil column and, therefore, can be accessed without producing oil. The raw gas is transported through a 110-kilometer subsea pipeline to the Khursaniyah Gas Plant for processing.
The natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery plant at Shaybah was commissioned and began production in late 2015, with a second processing train starting up in 2016. The plant will help us meet increasing demand for petrochemical feedstock by recovering valuable NGL from produced gas.
Designed to process as much as 2.4 billion scfd of associated gas and recover 275,000 bpd of ethane plus NGL, the Shaybah facility will feed these new volumes of NGL via pipeline to Ju’aymah for further processing before being delivered as petrochemical feedstock to industrial cities.
Wasit, one of the largest gas plants we have ever built, was brought onstream in October 2015 and reached full operating capacity in mid-2016. Unlike our other gas plants, Wasit is designed to process solely nonassociated gas.
To feed Wasit, we brought gas production onstream from the big bore nonassociated gas wells in our offshore Arabiyah and Hasbah fields, situated approximately 150 km northeast of Jubail Industrial City in the Arabian Gulf. With the startup of production from these two fields, more than 40% of our nonassociated gas now comes from offshore fields.
Our continued success in increasing supplies of cleaner burning natural gas makes it possible for us to reduce emissions, enable new industries and release more crude oil for value-added refining or export.
As the company's largest oil processing facility and the largest crude oil stabilization plant in the world, Abqaiq plays a pivotal role in our day-to-day operations.
Abqaiq oil facilities receive sour crude oil from gas-oil separation plants (GOSPs), process it into sweet crude oil, and then transport it to Ras Tanura and Jubail on the east coast, Yanbu' on the west coast and to Bapco Refinery in Bahrain. The off gases from the spheroids and stabilizer columns that are part of the conversion process are then sent to Abqaiq natural gas liquids (NGL) facilities for further processing.
Abqaiq is the main oil processing center for Arabian Extra Light and Arabian Light crude oils.
The northern-most portion of the Ghawar field lies approximately 100 kilometers west of Dhahran. The field comprises six main areas (Fazran, Ain Dar, Shedgum, Uthaminyah, Hawiyah and Haradh) and extends southward over more than 200 kilometers as one long continuous anticline. It is approximately 36 kilometers across at its widest point.
We believe that the Ghawar field is the largest oil field in the world in terms of conventional proved reserves, totaling 58.32 billion barrels of oil equivalent as at 31 December 2018. It has accounted for more than half of the total cumulative crude oil production in the Kingdom.
The Ghawar field facilities and infrastructure remain a central component in our long-term strategic framework for optimizing both technical recovery of resources and the economic of resource management.
The Haradh area, located at the southern tip of the Ghawar oil field, was developed in three increments of 300,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil capacity.
Haradh III was also the first plant in the Southern Area of company operations to have completely automated well control and monitoring, allowing remote operations. The project benefited from successful integration of four technologies: multilateral, maximum reservoir contact (MRC) wells; Smart Well completions (using control valves for preventing premature water breakthrough); geosteering (for optimal placement of wells in the reservoir for maximum recovery); and the “intelligent field” concept, in which real-time sub-surface data transmissions enable continual monitoring of key reservoir indicators. The integrated use of these four technologies slashed unit well development costs three-fold.
The Khurais complex, which comprises of the Abu Jifan and Mazalij fields in addition to Khurais itself, is approximately 106 kilometers long and 18 kilometers across at its widest point.
As of 31 December 2018, proved reserves at Khurais were 21.40 billion barrels of oil equivalent, including 20.10 billion barrels of liquid reserves.
The Khursaniyah program includes facilities to process and stabilize 500,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil blend from the Abu Hadriya, Fadhili and Khursaniyah fields, and a grassroots gas plant to process one billion scfd of associated gas.
Khursaniyah began producing oil in August 2008. The facility also has the capacity to inject 1.1 million bpd of non-potable water for reservoir pressure maintenance.
The UNESCO environmental responsibility award nominated Manifa crude oil development was designed to produce 900,000 bpd of Arabian Heavy crude oil, 90 million scfd of sour gas, and 65,000 bpd of hydrocarbon condensate.
By employing best-in-class technologies in infrastructure, drilling and production activities, the project consumed more than 80 million man hours without a lost time injury.
Prior to construction, extensive engineering and ecological assessments were conducted to ensure that the marine ecosystem would not be adversely affected by developing the field. As a direct result of these studies, Saudi Aramco constructed three kilometers of bridges to span the migration paths of various marine species, maintaining natural water flow and preserving natural marine nurseries.
Nuayyim crude oil increment added 100,000 bpd of Arabian Super Light crude oil and 90 million scfd of associated gas to our production capacity.
The project – the first in-Kingdom project of this scale with a project proposal completed entirely in Saudi Arabia – also included a gas-oil separation plant, 140 kilometers of 16” gas pipeline, and water supply facilities at Hawtah. Smokeless flaring has been used to significantly reduce emissions.
The field, which entered production in August 2009, is 250 kilometers south of Riyadh and about 50 kilometers northeast of our Hawtah crude oil facility, the first producing facility in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia.
Qatif Producing Plants Program consists of facilities to produce, process, and transport 500,000 bpd of blended Arabian Light crude oil from the Qatif field and 300,000 bpd of Arabian Medium crude oil from the offshore Abu Sa'fah field.
The Qatif facility was the first to produce Arabian Light crude oil by blending Arabian Extra Light, Light and Medium grades.
We believe that Safaniyah field is the world's largest conventional offshore oil field in terms of roved reserves. It is located approximately 260 kilometers north of Dhahran. Most of the field lies offshore in the Arabian Gulf. Within the Concession area, the Safaniyah field is approximately 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide.
As of December 2018, the proved reserves were 34.03 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
The Shaybah field, located in the Rub’ al-Khali or Empty Quarter, was discovered in 1968. Its remote location, local summer temperatures in excess of 50 degrees Celsius and sand dunes higher than 300 meters presented serious challenges. So for technical and economic reasons, development was held off until 20 years later. However, by the 1990s, advances in 3D seismic imaging technology, horizontal drilling and other technologies gave us the tools we needed to begin production.
The field is approximately 13 kilometers wide and 64 kilometers long. Due to the field's remoteness, its facilities include a dedicated NGL recovery unit, an airfield and accommodation for staff.
Our second 250,000 bpd expansion project at Shaybah came on-stream in 2016, raising its overall production capacity to 1 million bpd of Arabian Extra Light crude oil — double the facility’s original capacity. As of December 2018, proved reserves were 14.86 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
The Zuluf field is located in the Arabian Gulf, approximately 240 kilometers north of Dhahran, in average water depth of 118 feet. The field has two main structures, Zuluf and Ribyan, and is of similar area to Safaniyah to the north.
As of December 2018, Zuluf had proved reserves of 31.31 billion barrels of oil equivalent.
Aramco operates one of the world’s largest refining businesses, and its integrated petrochemical refinery complex at Jazan City for Primary and Downstream Industries is part of the Company’s vibrant downstream growth strategy.
In 2020, Aramco confirmed that it would proceed with the divestment of the Jazan Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle Plant into a Joint Venture (JV) between Aramco, Air Products, ACWA Power, and Air Products Qudra, integrating the Air Separation Unit into the JV.
Once Aramco’s Jazan Refinery Complex is ready for full operations, expected in the first half of 2021, Aramco will have five wholly owned refineries within the Kingdom, three of which were built specifically to supply transportation and utility fuels for the domestic marketplace.
Hyundai Oilbank is a refinery in South Korea, established in 1964. The Daesan Complex, where Hyundai Oilbank’s major facilities are located, is a fully integrated refining plant with a processing capacity of 650,000 barrels of crude oil per day. Aramco has a 17% equity interest in Hyundai Oilbank.
Idemitsu Kosan, one of leading refining and marketing companies in Japan, is a result of a merger between Idemitsu and Showa Shell Sekiyu. Its sales in Japan are primarily gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and automotive lubricants. Idemitsu Kosan owns and operates more than 6,400 retail service stations, has equity stakes in six refineries, and a gross refining capacity of 945,000 bpd. Aramco owns a 7.7% equity interest in Idemitsu Kosan.
Motiva Enterprises, a fully owned affiliate of Saudi Aramco, operates the Port Arthur Refinery, the largest refinery in the U.S. at 635,000 bpd in Port Arthur, Texas. Motiva has acquired a 100% equity interest in Motiva Chemicals LLC (formerly Flint Hills), a chemical plant in Port Arthur, Texas.
Sinopec SenMei Petroleum Company Limited is a joint venture of Sinopec, ExxonMobil China Petroleum & Petrochemical Company Limited and Saudi Aramco Sino Company Limited. Sinopec SenMei, with headquarters in Fuzhou, is mainly engaged in the wholesale, retail, storage, throughput and transport of the processed oil, lubricant and other petroleum products, operation of convenience stores of service stations, car washing, lubricant replacement, restaurant and other auxiliary services.
Based in Maastricht, Netherlands, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Saudi Aramco, ARLANXEO serves the development, production, marketing, sale and distribution of specialty chemicals and synthetic rubber products, principally for the high-volume global tire and automotive industries.
A joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Sumitomo Chemical. The products produced are used in such end products as plastics, detergents, lubricants, resins, coolants, anti-freeze, paint, carpets, rope, clothing, shampoo, auto interiors, epoxy glue, insulation, film, fibers, household appliances, packaging, candles, pipes and many other applications.
The Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical Co. (SATORP), a joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Total in Jubail, supports Saudi Aramco’s efforts to expand the value chain and achieve maximum value from the Kingdom’s resources. It processes heavy Arabian crude daily into low-sulfur gasoline, diesel and jets fuel that comply with the standards in the United States, Europe and Japan. It also produces paraxylene, benzene, sulfur and pure petroleum coke that fuels cement plants and electric power stations.
Located in Yanbu' Industrial City on the west coast of Saudi Arabia, the world-class YASREF refinery has the capacity to refine 400,000 barrels per day (bpd) of Arabian heavy crude and produces over 13.5 million gallons per day of ultra-clean transportation fuels and other high-value refined products.
Our Technology Office in Aberdeen focuses on drilling and production technologies. The European arm of Saudi Aramco Energy Ventures (SAEV) is located within the office, whose mission is to source and develop relationships with strategically significant and innovative energy technology companies.
Our Beijing Research Center conducts research on chemical enhanced oil recovery and advanced seismic imaging technologies, including automated fault detection and improvements in data quality through super resolution.
The Center is also evaluating the expansion of research activities into the downstream sector in areas such as transportation efficiency, greenhouse gas management, advanced control and power systems, robotics, materials science, nanotechnology and advanced computing.
Our CO2 Management Collaboration at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon, South Korea, is dedicated to addressing issues related to carbon management. The collaboration follows an interdisciplinary approach to innovative and cost-effective CO2 capture, storage, and conversion from fixed and mobile sources.
The Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands is home to our technology office that focuses mainly on seismic processing and subsurface imaging to help us better understand the nature of our subsurface geology.
Aramco Innovations Research Center
Leninskiye Gory 1 bldg 75-B
119234 Moscow
Russia
Our Aramco Fuel Research Center in Paris is located at IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPen). IFP Energies nouvelles is a public-sector research, innovation and training center active in the fields of energy, transport and the environment. Thanks to this strategic placement, we can capitalize on IFPen’s facilities and links to various European automakers to accelerate the innovation cycle of different fuel technologies.
Our research areas at our Dhahran headquarters include the Research & Development Center (R&DC) and the EXPEC Advanced Research Center (EXPEC ARC).
EXPEC ARC develops specialized technologies necessary to achieve its upstream objectives of increasing discovery of oil resources and increasing reservoir recovery. An expansion of the EXPEC Advanced Research Center is currently underway, with new facilities to enable integrated research on sustainability technologies.
Our R&DC focuses on cutting-edge technologies that enhance operational reliability, efficiency and safety, as well as investigating clean fuels and the management of carbon release.
Our research center at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) focuses on catalyst development, materials science, nanotechnology, robotics, solar energy materials and fuel technology. The strong capabilities provided in downstream areas are complemented by our FUELCOM collaboration with the KAUST Clean Combustion Research Center.
Aramco Research Center-Boston supports development in the areas of computational modeling, advanced materials, and nanotechnology. The center works on collaborative research projects with the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) faculty, with a focus on modeling, visualization, simulation, and advanced materials.
Our Aramco Research Centers in Detroit, Houston, and Boston have a collaboration with the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) to support research by two Low-Carbon Energy Centers designed to address climate change challenges. The centers bring together researchers from multiple disciplines at MIT to engage with companies, governmental agencies, and other stakeholders to further research and promote clean energy technologies to mitigate climate change.
Our Aramco Research Center in Detroit focuses on competitive transportation solutions, improving the efficiency of current and future engines, reducing overall environmental impact, cost, and complexity of engine systems.
The Center can accommodate light-duty and heavy-duty fuels research programs and also offers full on-site integration and the demonstration of new vehicle technologies. Our Strategic Transportation Analysis Team, based in the Detroit Center, provides dynamic industry analysis relevant to our fuels research and development activities.
Aramco Research Center in Houston focuses on upstream technologies for conventional and unconventional resources to support discovery and recovery goals. Specific areas of research include advanced seismic imaging, unconventional productivity enhancement, smart fluids to improve well productivity, nano-based polymers, surfactants, cement technologies related to drilling operations, quantitative geology, and advanced downhole sensors. It is our largest center outside Saudi Arabia.
AI에서 로봇공학에 이르기까지 최첨단 4차 산업혁명 기술은 아람코 사업 및 운영의 모든 측면을 혁신하고 있다.
4차 산업혁명 (4IR) 기술은 전 세계가 일하는 방식을 혁신하고 있다. 아람코에서는 인공지능 (AI)에서 무인항공기 (UAV)까지 새로운 디지털 기술이 사업의 모든 영역을 급속하게 변화시키며 최적화한다. 2017년 아람코는 이러한 진전을 더욱 가속화하고 디지털 발전의 모든 상이한 측면을 연계하기 위해 디지털 전환 프로그램을 출범했다.
첫 번째 단계는 아람코 내에서 새로운 디지털 솔루션을 개발 및 적용하기 위한 프레임워크를 구축하는 것이었다. 이를 통해 아람코의 모든 디지털 전환 프로젝트를 아우르는 6가지 디지털 플래그십 프로그램이 탄생했다. 2021년에는 사업 개선을 위한 3,000개의 고유한 이니셔티브가 수행되었다. 6가지 플래그십 프로그램에는 다음 영역이 포함된다.
컴플라이언스 프로그램에 속하는 디지털 프로젝트는 아람코가 정부 및 글로벌 기관에서 설정한 외부 정책과 자체 내부 지침을 모두 준수하도록 해준다. 예를 들어, 석유∙가스 시설의 안전과 보안을 유지하기 위해서는 상당한 컴플라이언스가 요구되며, 아람코는 이를 보다 효과적으로 충족하기 위해 4IR 기술을 사용한다. 이러한 기술에는 직원들을 위한 가상현실 (VR) 안전 교육, 보다 안전하고 효율적인 유지보수∙검사 작업 수행을 위한 드론과 로봇, 27만 아람코 직원 및 계약직 인력의 정보를 호스팅하는 데이터베이스를 기반으로 주요 시설의 보안과 안전을 강화하는 안면인식시스템이 포함된다.
빅데이터, AI 알고리즘, 애널리틱스의 사용은 아람코 운영의 생산성과 효율성을 높일 것으로 기대된다. 예를 들어, 아람코의 쿠라이스 플랜트에서는 스마트 센서와 열화상 카메라가 파이프라인 누출을 자동으로 확인하여 연간 연료 사용을 절감하고 이산화탄소 배출을 8% 감축한다. 또한 특히 작업자가 비포장 도로를 통해 이동하는 경우에 서로 다른 아람코 시설 사이를 안전하게 직통으로 이동할 수 있도록 지원하는 모바일 앱이 개발되어 있으며, 이를 통해 또 다른 이점이 창출될 전망이다. 오프로드 차량을 부주의하게 운전할 경우, 모래를 흩트리고 초목을 손상시키며 침식을 가속화하여 사막 생태계에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 보다 정확한 (직통) 이동 경로를 정확히 찾아주는 이 앱은 토종 생물다양성과 생태계 보존에 도움을 줄 수 있으며 동시에 안전을 향상하고자 한다.
금융 부문에서 주요 디지털 프로젝트를 수행한 결과, 알고리즘과 머신러닝을 사용하여 파트너 및 계열사와의 금융 거래를 관리하는 데이터 기반 디지털 은행이 도입되었다. 과거에는 사람의 개입이 필요했던 일부 프로세스가 자동으로 완료되며, 디지털 분석 도구를 통해 과거 대비 10배 더 빠르게 재무 예측을 수행할 수 있다.
블록체인과 스마트 계약을 통해 공급망 프로그램에서 재고 사용을 최적화하고 예측과 배송을 지원하는 프로젝트를 추진할 수 있게 되었다. 포브스 (Forbes)는 아람코를 블록체인 기술의 얼리 어답터로 인정했으며, 여기에는 성능 확인을 위해 유전과 정유시설에 수천 개의 센서를 적용하고 공급업체와 스마트 계약을 확인∙조정하는 데 사용된 블록체인 플랫폼에 대한 투자가 포함된다.
디지털 전환 프로그램의 주된 이점은 일상적 작업을 자동화하거나 새로운 수행 방법을 찾음으로써, 직원들이 더 가치 있는 작업을 수행할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. IT 전사데이터센터 (Corporate Data Center, CDC) 내에서 컴퓨터 자산에 대한 주요 정보를 찾고 검증하며 제공하는 새로운 증강현실 (AR) 도구를 적용하는 것이 좋은 예이다. 과거에는 이러한 정보를 찾기 위해 각각 수천 대의 서버와 IT 자산이 보관된 수백 개의 랙으로 구성된 여러 데이터 홀을 직원들이 직접 샅샅이 뒤져야 했다. 새로운 AR 기술은 서버의 위치와 해당 서버에 도달할 수 있는 최적의 탐색 경로를 즉시 표시함으로써 작업자의 시간을 절약하고 효율성을 높여준다.
4IR 기술은 업스트림 및 다운스트림 운영의 많은 측면을 혁신하고 있다. 예를 들어, NGPD (North Ghawar Production Department)는 모든 시설에 산업용 WiFi 인프라를 구축했다. 이 인프라는 무선 프로세스 및 진단 센서의 사용과 같은 4IR 솔루션의 적용을 가능하게 하여, 능동적이고 데이터에 기반한 의사결정을 내릴 수 있게 해 준다. 또 다른 사례는 세계경제포럼 (WEF)에서 세계 선도적 제조시설로 인정한 쿠라이스 플랜트의 지능형 유전 인프라이다. 쿠라이스 플랜트는 기존 유전에 세계 최초의 첨단공정제어 (Advanced Process Control, APC)를 적용하여, 효율성을 높이고 유정 펌프의 전력 소비를 자동으로 최적화한다. 아람코는 운영 전반에 걸쳐 디지털 전환을 추진하기 위해, 무인 항공기 (UAV)를 배치하여 시추장비와 그 외 시설에 대한 보다 안전하고 비용 효율적인 안전 검사를 수행하고 있다.
아람코의 디지털 전환 프로그램은 직원의 역량을 강화하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이것이 실제로 어떻게 작동하는지 보여주는 좋은 예는 시민 개발자 (Citizen Developer) 프로젝트이다. 시민 개발자 되기 (Becoming Citizen Developers) 프로그램은 직원들이 코딩을 배우거나 고급 IT 기술을 보유하지 않고도 나름의 디지털 솔루션을 만들 수 있도록 교육하는 프로그램이다. 이 플랫폼은 모든 사람에게 열려 있어, 모든 직원이 자신의 전문 분야에서 디지털 혁신을 주도할 수 있다. 또한 e-러닝 과정부터 스페인 엠프레사 대학교와 미국 조지아 공과대학교에서 아람코가 운영하는 학위 및 자격증 프로그램에 이르기까지, 다양한 디지털 교육 기회가 제공된다. 이러한 디지털 교육 기회는 주로 소프트웨어 개발, 데이터 과학, 로봇공학, AI, 머신러닝에 중점을 둔다.
아람코는 많은 디지털 프로젝트를 감독 및 조율하는 전담 디지털 전환 조직 (Digital Transformation Office)을 출범했지만, 동시에 각 직원이 디지털 전환에서 적극적인 역할을 할 것을 권장한다. 새로운 디지털 솔루션이 상명 하달식으로 시행되는 것이 아니라, 궁극적으로 솔루션으로부터 혜택을 누릴 사람들이 직접 아이디어와 이니셔티브를 추진한다. 그런 다음 각 제안의 이점과 확장성이 평가된다. 이를 통해 모든 디지털 솔루션이 가치를 창출하고 중요한 사업적 요구사항을 충족하도록 할 수 있다.
이러한 전환의 궁극적인 목표는 아람코가 세계를 선도하는 디지털화된 에너지 기업이 되어, 주주 가치를 극대화하고 전 세계적으로 에너지 분야의 디지털 전환을 이끄는 것이다. 안전∙보안 강화에서 효율성∙지속가능성∙재무성과 개선에 이르기까지, 새로운 기술과 훈련 기회를 통해 아람코의 직원들은 새로운 디지털 시대를 준비한다. 아람코에서는 4차 산업혁명이 이미 한창 진행 중이다.
아람코는 세계를 선도하는 디지털화된 에너지 기업이 되기 위한 노력의 하나로 가장 오래된 석유 처리 플랜트를 개조∙개선하여 4차 산업혁명(4IR) 기술 활용의 전 세계적 리더로 변모시켰다.